ঢাকা, বাংলাদেশ   বৃহস্পতিবার ২৮ মার্চ ২০২৪, ১৪ চৈত্র ১৪৩০

ইংরেজি ১ম পত্র

একাদশ ও দ্বাদশ শ্রেণির পড়াশোনা

প্রকাশিত: ০৬:৪৭, ৩০ এপ্রিল ২০১৫

একাদশ ও দ্বাদশ শ্রেণির পড়াশোনা

এম এ হামিদ খান সহকারী অধ্যাপক, ইংরেজি বিভাগ, ধনবাড়ী কলেজ, টাঙ্গাইল প্রধান পরীক্ষক: মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চ মাধ্যমিক শিক্ষা বোর্ড, ঢাকা। Mobile: 01712967450, 01912319608 E-mail: [email protected] .............................................................................. সুপ্রিয় শিক্ষার্থী বন্ধুরা, প্রীতি ও শুভেচ্ছা জানবে। আশা করি তোমরা সবাই ভাল। মানুষের সাথে কথা বলার জন্য বা যোগাযোগের , দেশীয় বা আন্তর্জাতিক পর্যায়ে একটি “কমন” ভাষার প্রয়োজন। ভাষা শিক্ষা করার দু’টি পদ্ধতি রয়েছে Natural এবং Learning. মাতৃভাষা যা আমরা প্রকৃতিক ভাবেই শিখে থাকি এবং বিদেশী ভাষা যা কোন প্রতিষ্ঠানে গিয়ে শিখতে হয়। মাতৃভাষার মাধ্যমে যা Formal Education আমরা স্বতস্ফূর্ত ভাবে শিখে থাকি তা দীর্ঘস্থায়ী হয় এবং বিদেশী ভাষা যা তা ক্ষণস্থায়ী। তবে যোগাযোগের মাধ্যম হিসেবে ইংরেজি ভাষাকেই সার্বজনীন ভাষা হিসেবে গ্রহণ করা হয়েছে। PART-A: SEEN COMPREHENSION Read the following passage and answer the questions 1-4: ‘Communicative competence’ refers to the ability to use language appropriately in different circumstances. There are two ways of developing communicative competence in a language. The first is acquisition which is similar to the way people develop ability in their mother tongue. It is natural, subconscious process in which users are not usually aware of acquiring a language. They are aware only of the fact that they are using the language to communicate. In non-technical terms, acquisition is ‘picking up’ a language spontaneously. It may also be called ‘implicit’ learning. On the other hand, the second way of developing communicative competence in a language is learning that language. It refers to conscious knowledge of a language, knowing the rules of language use, being aware of using them, and being able to talk about them. In non-technical terms, learning is to know consciously about a language. It may be described as ‘explicit’ learning. Language specialists believe that acquiring a language is more successful and longer lasting than learning. Therefore, teachers these days encourage learners of a second language to practise and experience that language in different situations where they are involved in communicating with others. 1. Choose the best answer from the alternatives. (a) Communicative competence devalues / means/ discourages the ability to use language appropriately. (b) Explicit learning refers to subconscious/ careless/ conscious knowledge of a language. (c) Acquiring a language is more difficult / temporary/ effective than learning it. (d) Nowadays teachers inspire learners of a second language to practise/ learn/ utilize the language in different situations. (e) Language specialists believe that learning a language is not so successful as/ like/ than acquiring it. Answer: (a) means (b) conscious (c) effective (d) practise (e) as. 2. True/False? If false, give the correct information. (a) Acquisition of a language and learning it are the same process. (b) Implicit learning lasts longer than explicit learning. (c) Explicit learning takes much effort to learn. (d) Knowing the rules of language use is a part of ‘implicit’ learning. (e) People learn a second language subconsciously. Answer: (a) False. The acquisition of language and the learning of a language are quite different. (b) True. (c) True. (d) False. It is a part of explicit learning. (e) False. People learn a second language consciously. 3. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words in brackets. Add any preposition if necessary. (a) English is (treat) ____ a foreign language. (b) Every person learns mother tongue (natural)_____. (c) Learning (differ) ___ acquisition in many ways. (d) There is an element of (spontaneous) _____ implicit learning. (e) You should be (competence) _____ communicating with others. Answer: (a) treated as (b) naturally (c) differs from (d) spontaneity in (e) competent in. 4. Make of list of five things about developing communicative competence in a second language. Answer: Information transfer Five thins about developing communicative competence in a second language are as follows. (i) To use the language consciously. (ii) To know the rules of language use. (iii) To be aware of using them. (iv) To be able to talk about them. (v) To practise and experience the language.
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